Working Condition Problems in Amazon Company

Introduction Even as companies strive to change the working conditions of their employees to enhance innovation and improve individual performance in the workplaces, the problems of poor working conditions are still on prevalence (Littler, 2013).Advertising We will write a custom article sample on Working Condition Problems in Amazon Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The recruitment processes, the empowerment plans, the promotion strategies, and other employee retention practices of some American companies have faced discrimination allegations. Surprisingly, the majority of these companies are mega industries that appear in the Fortune 500 and other big publications due to their enhanced corporate performances (Abel, 2013). Cases of poor working conditions in some mega transnational companies continue to attract legal, economic, social, and international discourses, which are disheartening the employees and employers (Higgi ns, 2014). With such allegations are in a steady increase, even as the performance of these companies enhances. Fundamentally, this essay uses the case of Amazon Company to focus on analyzing the working condition problems highlighted in some online publications, and uses the SWOT analysis to discuss the problems. Overview of the Articles Several online articles and newspapers have focused on the employment issues that workers experience at Amazon. This analysis involves five recent articles that have dominated the websites and exposed the public discontentment about the Amazon Company. The first article came from the Seattle Times Newspaper of America, and it exposed the forced labor practices of the Amazon Company, contrary to its labor policies.Advertising Looking for article on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The second article was the Consumer Affairs Magazine that explored the revelations of the Brit ish Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) concerning the dilapidated physical working conditions at Amazon. The third article was a write-up from the AlterNet Newspaper, which exposed the mandatory security checkpoints and the underpayments imposed on the Amazon workers. The fourth article was a BBC publication that expressed concerns about the likelihood of the Amazon workers to face mental health problems. The last article is a publication of the Westlaw Journal that described a variety of workplace problems at Amazon. The Identified Working Condition Problems Forced Labor Practices in the Amazon Company– The recent employment wrangles in the Amazon Company associate with the illegal issues of forced labor practices in the company (Bernton, 2014). Reports indicate that the Amazon Company has recently resorted to forced labor in its outlets that operate in the Latin America regions. Notwithstanding its efforts in establishing an Amazon code of standards, that encompasses regulation s against forced labor and child labor, the practice of forced labor has been pervasive in the operations of the Amazon Company (Bernton, 2014). In the regions of Latin America, India, Asia, and most parts of the United States, the Amazon Company has been practicing indirect forced labor practices against its workers. Menial workers who operate in the Amazon warehouses have complained against the poor working conditions that include excess overtime, forced overtime, strenuous jobs, and forced labor during the off-duty days (Bernton, 2014). These menial workers complain about workplace harassment, coercion, intimidation, and strenuous assignments.Advertising We will write a custom article sample on Working Condition Problems in Amazon Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Underpayment in the Amazon Company- Aside from the forced labor and poor working conditions practiced by the management of the Amazon Company in its different outlets, employees complain about low compensations and wages. According to Hsieh (2013), the company management considers the menial workers to be illiterate individuals who do not have rights to access better working conditions. Last year, the company faced an excruciating challenge concerning the deplorable compensations offered to its workers in Germany. Over 100,000 warehouse workers from Germany and America have complained about forced individual productivity, even as the company keeps its workers waiting for clearance at the security checkpoints without paying their daily wages (Hsieh, 2013). In the regions of Asia, Latin America, and parts of Europe, the company paid its workers meager salaries and wages, and retained the hourly wages to cater for any allegations of damages reported at the warehouses (Hsieh, 2013). Pay cuts and demotions to reduce the wage bill are common practices that Amazon dishonestly practices. Deplorable Workplace Conditions- Amazon has recently faced allegations concerning its behavior of exposing workers to terrible working conditions within the warehouse. The company has left its workers to struggle within the warehouses that have poor working conditions, pitiable carton arrangements, and extreme summer temperatures (Abel, 2013). In a recent 2013 case, investigative reports at Pennsylvania concerning the working conditions at the Amazon warehouses revealed that the company often exposes its workforce to extreme workplace problems that include exposure to extreme temperatures (Abel, 2013).Advertising Looking for article on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In the case of Pennsylvania, the company arranged a number of paramedics and ambulances outside its warehouses and stores in preparation for any case of a dehydrated or an injured worker. The International Labor Organization and independent analysts in China confirmed these allegations through an assessment of China during the summer. In China, Abel reveals that the Amazon Retail Online Company exposed the Chinese warehouse workers to extreme warehouse temperatures that consequently led to health complications and deaths to some workers (2013). Workplace Racial Discrimination- One of the most upsetting human resource practices of the Amazon Company is its illegitimate behavior of practicing racial prejudice against the immigrant workers. According to Higgins (2014), foreign expatriates and menial laborers of the Amazon Company have reported workplace problems concerning racial discrimination that is eminent in most of its regional and global outlets. In the year 2012, some outlets o f the Amazon Company at Swansea and Wales violated the workplace regulations of the local employment tribunals that are against racial discrimination (Higgins, 2014). In certain cases in America, foreign workers and other employees from the minority ethnicities complained about the persistent discriminations at the Amazon warehouses and offices. Concerning the waiting hours spent during the mandatory security checks imposed on the menial warehouse workers, most of them are the racial minorities who live in America (Higgins, 2014). In France, China, Latin America, and Spain, the Amazon workers maintained that rank promotions, compensations, empowerment, motivation, and recognition often favor the native whites. Gender and Disability Bias- Gender and disability bias are among the major concerns related to the working condition problems at Amazon (Higgins, 2014). Significant evidence from the workers has proven the presence of workplace gender discrimination at Amazon. In the year 2013 , several former employees claimed that the Amazon Company exposed the female workers to discriminatory practices (Littler, 2013). In the same year, some former workers of the Amazon Company attested that the company never recognized employees with disability despite the fact that some disabilities were due to the awful working conditions at the warehouses and stores. Reports have revealed that the company unfairly dismisses the female employees because of their family related issues (Littler, 2013). Female employees who seek maternity leaves remain unfairly dismissed and on wrong allegations. According to Higgins (2014), the disabled workers and those with minor physical health problems fail to secure job positions at the company or remain dismissed from the company on wrong allegations. SWOT Analysis of the Employment Problems Strengths- the strength of Amazon concerning the present allegations about the deplorable working conditions is its market dominance in the online retail st ores. Amazon has a swift shipment process, a well-maintained rapport with consumers, and a reliable shipping process that makes it marketable regardless of the working condition problems. Weaknesses– the weakness of Amazon concerning the discussed issues is that the company has lost several class lawsuits, racial lawsuits, human rights lawsuits, and employment lawsuits from its former and current workers. Opportunities– Amazon has several opportunities to counter the current employment concerns. To its advantage, the Amazon Company still enjoys a remarkable online retail experience with its business partners, which makes it possible for the company to form some firm joint ventures to stabilize its foundation. Threats– The most disturbing concern about the allegations is that the Amazon Company is currently facing a tough regional and overseas market competition from the companies that offer attractive online purchasing services. Conclusion Although the global le gislations concerning the promotion of fair workplace treatment among workers are against discrimination, poor payments, poor physical working conditions, and forced labor, some companies are still against these laws. Amazon is one of the American transnational companies that have promoted the unequal treatment of workers and excessive mistreatment of workers. International newspapers and magazines have placed the company in the public limelight concerning its insensitive employment practices against its workers. The company has been practicing a series of malpractices against its workers. Amazon has imposed unfair promotion practices, exposed workers to deplorable physical working conditions, has compensated workers unfairly, and has practiced racial prejudice. Using a SWOT analysis to assess the repercussions of these allegations that have gone public through the newspapers, the company may remain dominant due to its swift and reliable shipment processes, but may lose its reputati on. Its experienced workforce may not help to counter the imminent competition. References Abel, J. (2013). BBC Reports Poor Working Conditions in Amazon Warehouses. Web. Bernton, H. (2014). Amazon’s Overseas Labor Policy: Trust us. Web. Higgins, D. (2014). Employment: Litigation News and Analysis. Westlaw Journal, 28(17), 1-22. Hsieh, S. (2013). Amazon Warehouse Workers Forced to Wait at Security Checkpoints Without Getting Paid.  Web. Littler, A. (2013). Amazon Workers Face ‘Increased Risk of Mental Illness. Web. This article on Working Condition Problems in Amazon Company was written and submitted by user Kevin Randall to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Cortar Conjugation in Spanish, Translation, and Examples

Cortar Conjugation in Spanish, Translation, and Examples The Spanish verb  cortar  means to cut or to cut off. It  is a regular  -ar  verb, so to conjugate cortar use the same pattern as other -ar  verbs, like  ayudar  and cenar.  The tables below include  cortar conjugations in the present, past and future indicative, the present and past subjunctive, the imperative, and other verb forms like the past and present participles. Using the Verb Cortar In Spanish, cortar  can be used like the verbs to cut or to cut off in English. For example,  Voy a cortar el papel  (I am going to cut the paper), or  Tengo que cortar un pedazo de carne  (I have to cut off a piece of meat). A more informal use of  cortar  is to talk about breaking up a relationship. For example,  Pedro y Ana cortaron la semana pasada  (Pedro and Ana broke up last week). In addition,  cortar  can be used when referring to ending a conversation, especially on the phone. For example,  Yo cortà © la llamada porque llevbamos mucho tiempo hablando  (I ended the call because we had been talking for a long time). Other verbs that have meanings similar to cortar are partir (tu cut, break apart, or divide) and picar (to chop). Cortar Present Indicative Yo corto I cut Yo corto un pedazo de papel con tijeras. T cortas You cut T cortas un trozo de queso para el almuerzo. Usted/l/ella corta You/he/she cuts Ella corta el cordn umbilical del beb. Nosotros cortamos We cut Nosotros cortamos el csped del jardn. Vosotros cortis You cut Vosotros cortis pelo en el saln de belleza. Ustedes/ellos/ellas cortan You/they cut Ellos cortan las flores para hacer un arreglo. Cortar Preterite  Indicative The preterite  tense can be translated as the simple past in English. It is used to talk about completed actions  in the past. Yo cort I cut Yo cort un pedazo de papel con tijeras. T cortaste You cut T cortaste un trozo de queso para el almuerzo. Usted/l/ella cort You/he/she cut Ella cort el cordn umbilical del beb. Nosotros cortamos We cut Nosotros cortamos el csped del jardn. Vosotros cortasteis You cut Vosotros cortasteis pelo en el saln de belleza. Ustedes/ellos/ellas cortaron You/they cut Ellos cortaron las flores para hacer un arreglo. Cortar Imperfect  Indicative The imperfect tense can be translated to English as was cutting or used to cut. It is used to talk about ongoing or habitual actions in the past.   Yo cortaba I used to cut Yo cortaba un pedazo de papel con tijeras. T cortabas You used to cut T cortabas un trozo de queso para el almuerzo. Usted/l/ella cortaba You/he/she used to cut Ella cortaba el cordn umbilical del beb. Nosotros cortbamos We used to cut Nosotros cortbamos el csped del jardn. Vosotros cortabais You used to cut Vosotros cortabais pelo en el saln de belleza. Ustedes/ellos/ellas cortaban You/they used to cut Ellos cortaban las flores para hacer un arreglo. Cortar Future  Indicative Yo cortar I will cut Yo cortar un pedazo de papel con tijeras. T cortars You will cut T cortars un trozo de queso para el almuerzo. Usted/l/ella cortar You/he/she will cut Ella cortar el cordn umbilical del beb. Nosotros cortaremos We will cut Nosotros cortaremos el csped del jardn. Vosotros cortaris You will cut Vosotros cortaris pelo en el saln de belleza. Ustedes/ellos/ellas cortarn You/they will cut Ellos cortarn las flores para hacer un arreglo. Cortar Periphrastic Future  Indicative The periphrastic future is formed by three components: the present tense conjugation of the  verb  ir  (to go), the preposition  a  and the infinitive of the verb.   Yo voy a cortar I am going to cut Yo voy a cortar un pedazo de papel con tijeras. T vas a cortar You are going to cut T vas a cortar un trozo de queso para el almuerzo. Usted/l/ella va a cortar You/he/she is going to cut Ella va a cortar el cordn umbilical del beb. Nosotros vamos a cortar We are going to cut Nosotros vamos a cortar el csped del jardn. Vosotros vais a cortar You are going to cut Vosotros vais a cortar pelo en el saln de belleza. Ustedes/ellos/ellas van a cortar You/they are going to cut Ellos van a cortar las flores para hacer un arreglo. Cortar  Present Progressive/Gerund Form The present participle (gerundio  in Spanish) is used to form progressive forms such as the present progressive. To conjugate progressive tenses  you need an auxiliary verb, which in this case is the verb  estar. Present Progressive of Cortar   est cortando  Is cutting Ella est cortando el cordà ³n umbilical del bebà ©. Cortar Past Participle The past participle can be used as an adjective, or to form compound tenses such as the present perfect. Compound tenses include the verb  haber  as an auxiliary verb. Present Perfect of Cortar ha cortado  Has cut Ella ha cortado el cordà ³n umbilical del bebà ©. Cortar Conditional  Indicative The conditional tense is used to talk about possibilities or hypothetical situations, and is translated to English as would verb.   Yo cortara I would cut Yo cortara un pedazo de papel con tijeras si fuera necesario. T cortaras You would cut T cortaras un trozo de queso para el almuerzo, pero ya se acab. Usted/l/ella cortara You/he/she would cut Ella cortara el cordn umbilical del beb si el doctor se lo permitiera. Nosotros cortaramos We would cut Nosotros cortaramos el csped del jardn, pero no tenemos cortadora. Vosotros cortarais You would cut Vosotros cortarais pelo en el saln de belleza si hubiera espacio. Ustedes/ellos/ellas cortaran You/they would cut Ellos cortaran las flores para hacer un arreglo, pero es prohibido. Cortar Present Subjunctive Que yo corte That I cut La maestra pide que yo corte un pedazo de papel con tijeras. Que t cortes That you cut La nia quiere que t cortes un trozo de queso para el almuerzo. Que usted/l/ella corte That you/he/she cut El mdico permite que ella corte el cordn umbilical del beb. Que nosotros cortemos That we cut Mam quiere que nosotros cortemos el csped del jardn. Que vosotros cortis That you cut La estilista recomienda que vosotros cortis pelo en el saln de belleza. Que ustedes/ellos/ellas corten That you/they cut La florista quiere que ellos corten las flores para hacer un arreglo. Cortar Imperfect  Subjunctive There are two options for conjugating the imperfect subjunctive (which is also called the past subjunctive). Both options are correct. Option 1 Que yo cortara That I cut La maestra peda que yo cortara un pedazo de papel con tijeras. Que t cortaras That you cut La nia quera que t cortaras un trozo de queso para el almuerzo. Que usted/l/ella cortara That you/he/she cut El mdico permita que ella cortara el cordn umbilical del beb. Que nosotros cortramos That we cut Mam quera que nosotros cortramos el csped del jardn. Que vosotros cortarais That you cut La estilista recomendaba que vosotros cortarais pelo en el saln de belleza. Que ustedes/ellos/ellas cortaran That you/they cut La florista quera que ellos cortaran las flores para hacer un arreglo. Option 2 Que yo cortase That I cut La maestra peda que yo cortase un pedazo de papel con tijeras. Que t cortases That you cut La nia quera que t cortases un trozo de queso para el almuerzo. Que usted/l/ella cortase That you/he/she cut El mdico permita que ella cortase el cordn umbilical del beb. Que nosotros cortsemos That we cut Mam quera que nosotros cortsemos el csped del jardn. Que vosotros cortaseis That you cut La estilista recomendaba que vosotros cortaseis pelo en el saln de belleza. Que ustedes/ellos/ellas cortasen That you/they cut La florista quera que ellos cortasen las flores para hacer un arreglo. Cortar Imperative   The imperative mood is used to give direct orders or commands. The tables below show the positive and negative commands. Positive Commands T corta Cut! Corta un trozo de queso para el almuerzo! Usted corte Cut! Corte el cordn umbilical del beb! Nosotros cortemos Lets cut! Cortemos el csped del jardn! Vosotros cortad Cut! Cortad pelo en el saln de belleza! Ustedes corten Cut! Corten las flores para hacer un arreglo! Negative Commands T no cortes Dont cut! No cortes un trozo de queso para el almuerzo! Usted no corte Dont cut! No corte el cordn umbilical del beb! Nosotros no cortemos Lets not cut! No cortemos el csped del jardn! Vosotros no cortis Dont cut! No cortis pelo en el saln de belleza! Ustedes no corten Dont cut! No corten las flores para hacer un arreglo!

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The korean War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

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Introduction on polymers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

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Global Climate Change Essay Essay Example for Free

Global Climate Change Essay Essay Global Climate change is a term used to describe a gradual increase or change within the average temperature of earth’s atmosphere and its oceans. Global climate change is a rising issue in today’s society. There are various factors as to why the climate is changing; the factors are both human and natural. The human activities that cause climate change are burning fossil fuels, driving cars, and deforestation. The human causes are widely discussed but nobody ever considers the natural causes. Natural causes that contribute to global climate change are animal and plant respiration, volcanic eruptions, and the melting of ice caps. Although human activity is a main cause we still need to consider the natural causes because they are a huge factor when it comes to Global climate change. One natural effect of Global climate change is through animal and plant respiration. When a plant or an animal dies their bodies will decay into the ground. Once their bodies decay all of the C02 that was in their body is released into the atmosphere and the ground. The plants and animals that are buried deep underground will become fossil fuels millions of years later. Which is another leading cause of global climate change when humans burn them. All the carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere from the death of an animal or plant causes climate change. Carbon dioxide is a green house gas, which is a gas that traps heat into the atmosphere. Green house gases are essential for human, animal, and plant life but the amount that we have on earth is negatively affecting our climate. The earth hasn’t held this much carbon for 420,000 years. Another natural effect of global climate change is through volcanic eruptions. When a volcano erupts it releases aerosols, which are a cooling agent for earth. But the volcanoes also release carbon dioxide a green house gas. This may seem like it’s not a problem because the cooling will keep the  heating in balance. But that’s not always the case, the cooling agent can leave our atmosphere and go into different layers of the earth. The further it goes into the layers determines how long it will take for the cooling to effect our atmosphere. For example, if the aerosols reach the stratosphere it can take years until it is released back onto the earth. While the release of co2 is an immediate effect because it’s trapped in the atmosphere. Below in image one, there is a graph that shows the affect a volcano has on the earth. As you can see in 1975 before the volcano erupted earth’s temperature was significantly lower. But in the 1980’s before it fully erupted earth’s temperature was rising, due to co2 being released. But once the volcano fully erupted in 1991 temperatures have not been below the +.01 mark, but they are still dropping and rising. This up and down effect of the temperature has caused cold temperatures, which lead to crop failures, which in return lead to extreme famine in the North American region. The last natural cause of global climate change that I will be discussing is the melting of ice caps. The melting of ice and snow seems like good thing because water is being absorbed back into our atmosphere, but in reality it isn’t a good thing at all. When the sun hits a bright surface, like snow it goes through a albedo process. The albedo of the snow causes 95% of the suns energy to be reflected. Below in image 2 it shows exactly how this process works. First the suns rays are reflected on to a surface to be reflected back into the space. But with all the snow melting the suns rays are being absorbed into the atmosphere causing the earth to heat up more. Before I fully researched global, I thought it was an event that was strictly caused by humans. But from the information that was provided you can see that that isn’t the case at all. Natural causes of global climate change affect the earth in a very significant way. Although the human causes of global climate change do outweigh the natural causes some scientist believe that this is just a natural cooling and warming event that goes through.

citizern kane :: essays research papers

CITIZEN KANE Throughout the whole movie, the viewers got a feeling that Kane never had emotions and nothing could affect him, well this is until we learn of Rosebud. A childhood is something Kane was deprived of. When he was about 8 years old his parents sent him away to be educated and becoming something big in life, but what they did is take something away from him that no parent should take away; a childhood. Love is something that was not apparent in the opening scenes of the movie, his mother seemed so cold and stern, believing that is was in his best interests to leave home and become successful. Did this success make him a happy man, well later we learn the answer and that is no. Kane had everything a man could want in life, a wife who was not all ways loving but still there for him, an extravagant social life and last but not least billions of dollars. Kane had all this but he still never seemed to be pleased. He was demanded more and the best out of what he had. Kane had nearly fooled himself that these materialistic posesions made him happy, but what we really find out is; all he wanted was a normal life. His house was cluttered with senseless ornaments that probably mean the least to him. Kane’s amazing lifestyles with everything so big and exuberant was in a way his cure to a lonely soul. He never could determine who were his friends and who weren’t, once he dies we find out: many weren’t. If Kane had been brought up with a childhood, with the love and fun most children experience, maybe he wouldn’t have been so cold and brutal. The attraction of money wore out for him after a few years but it had already done its damage, and then we find him stuck, with nothing to do and most of all nothing that pleases him in life anymore. The key to understanding Kane was not in what he found pleasurable nor what interested him, it was his weakness. Kane always seemed tough, like he never gave a second thought about what just happened, he just did what he had to do and he did it swiftly but like all people something did affect him. Superman had Kryptonite and for Kane it was memories. Many memories that he should've had, that he missed out on.

Critically evaluate whether flexible working arrangements are beneficial for employers and employees?

Flexible work options provides an alternative approache to getting work done through non traditional work hours, job structures ,and locations. The availability of flexible work options grants an opportunity for individuals to mould their careers in order to optimise their work and personal commitments. As for organisation it promises an increase in productivity,boost ‘employer of choice’,reduce fix cost. However flexibility is also reputed as costly for employers and favours unequal treatment in terms of pay and benefits for employees.This essay aims to examine the nature of flexibility and further highlight the different types of flexibility throught the flexible firm model(Atkinson) . In the 1990’s up til present day flexible work practices has become a central point for Uk government policies with Fagan et al (2006) believing globalisation; competition,productivity,active ageing; the long hours culture were particularly the source for the rise of flexible work ing practices.It is important to note that this belief remains the same today, except that advancement in technology is an additional influencing factor. Atkinson’s model of the flexible firm is an arrangement in which mangament offers employees different forms of flexibility practices namely functional,numerial and financial flexibility in order to optimize the use of human resources and quality of work. It is mainly focused on dividing the workforce into core and peripheral groups. The core group entails full time,well paid,secure professional jobs,functional flexible and difficult to replace.Whereas the peripheral group consist of employees who are numerically flexible(Legge) because their skills are abundant in the labour market hence relatively despensible thus low job security,consequently may lead to low productivity due to low morale or they are only needed to complete particular task e. g lawyers. From the employees view,it is better to be part of the core than the p eriphery since the former provides job security,increase career opportunities and better work conditions.Alteration in job design grants the core workers the benefit of soft HR practices implemented to achieve high performance, high commitment and high motivation and thus loyalty to the organisation despite managements persuasion to work across demarcation line as it reduces cost for them. But on the other hand it enhances the ‘its not my job syndrome’in employees(Mcdonals,2010). If employees don’t practice their new skill regularly they loose it. Therefore the cost of training and retraining does not serve the purpose significantly.However in the Uk there is a liking for numerical and temporal flexibility at the expense of functional flexibility(Macdonald,2010). This can be witnessed in an increased use of part timers,short term contract,cleaning agencies. This facilitates the firms ability to adjust the level of labour inputs to meet flunctuations in output(Jen kins,2004). However campos and Cunhas highlights the downside of outsourcing as there is a loss of control over proprietary information and less job security. Nontheless numerical flexibility through part timers helps to reduce costs for employers, for example, workers can be employed when they are needed.It is not necessary to pay for workers who are not productive. This helps attract inward investment. Unlike temporal flexibility it relates to variation in the number of working hours. Flexi time gives employees control over their work schedule thus not only benefiting the employee in terms of achieving a work life balance,job satisfaction but the employer too as it reduces absentism(Lee,1991) therefore higher productivity. Furtheremore teleworking allows employees individual choice in the location of work and covers the possibility to work from home and cutting down job related expenses e. g food,clothes,communiting expense.However Brannen (2005) argues that what appears on the su rface to represent a ceding of control by management to empower employees actually results in a loss of control,because flexible work arrangements unsettles what is a ‘reasonable amount of time’ to spend at work. This is because individuals find it hard to disengage from work. Hence critics of the flexible firm model by Legge. She believed there is a hidden agenda in the flexible firm model,which craftiliy promotes flexibility is good,but the real question is for whom? Futhermore there tends to be a pattern of professional isolation(Macdonald,2010).To conclude one can note that flexibility promises to provide organisations with a competitive edge by cutting down cost for employers,boost employer choice,increase in productivity and assure employees job satisfaction,motivations,work life balance. However,there still appears to be many unresolved issues relating to the flexibility debate. This is highlighted by legge’s critism of mixed empirical support for the flex ible firm model and the advantages of the flexibility is not equally shared. Notedly due to unequal treatment in terms of pay and increased job insecurity for workers.

Foundations of Behavior Essay

The field of psychology is expanding and credit is due to the numerous research studies being conducted. These research studies utilize different methods and each method has its own advantages and disadvantages. In this paper, five popular research methods will be compared based on their characteristics, objectives, strengths and weaknesses, research techniques, validity, and reliability. These research methods are case study, naturalistic observation, survey research, correlational research, and the experimental method. The case study is a focused study on a person or a specific group or a particular situation. Its research design involves five components, which are the study questions, the propositions, the units of analysis, the logic linking the data to the propositions, and the criteria for interpreting the findings (Tellis, 1997). Case studies have varying purposes. Some case studies are conducted to either confirm or challenge an existing theory, while others are carried out to describe either a special or an extreme case. A case study obtains information from documents (letters and newspapers), archival records (service records, survey data), interviews, direct observation (done when field visits are needed), participant-observation, and physical artifacts (instruments and tools). One of the most established techniques in case studies is called pattern-matching, in which the data is linked to propositions. The reliability of case studies is relatively high, especially when protocols are established. However, validity, especially construct validity, sometimes becomes questionable because the researcher might be subjective in his decisions and interpretations. This can be minimized by utilizing multiple sources, by setting up a chain of evidence, and by asking major informants to review a draft of the case study. The common criticism against case studies is that its results cannot be used to arrive at generalizations. But the greatest strength of case studies is that it can present an in-depth and holistic knowledge about a particular situation, group, or person. The naturalistic observation is unique from all other types of observation in that the researcher does not hinder, interrupt or influence the environment being studied. One of the vital things to consider in conducting naturalistic observation is to record as much detail as possible, which includes smell, sound, taste, time, place, number of participants, and feelings. This is why journals and a variety of writing materials are utilized. But the use of any recording device, such as video cameras, is not allowed because it violates the privacy of the observed individual. The reliability of this research method relies on the accuracy of observation. One technique of increasing reliability is to have several observers (Hesse, 2003). The greatest advantage of naturalistic observation is that it is considerably less expensive than other methods. But, the subjects being studied may act differently because of their awareness of the presence of the observer. This will significantly reduce the validity of the results (Piercy, 2007). The survey research is characterized by its major means of collecting information. The researcher usually goes out and asks questions. The questions can be oral or in written form. And the respondents can be chosen in many ways. Some respondents are chosen at random while others must possess certain characteristics. For example, if a survey research is about elementary teachers, then a high school teacher will not be asked to answer the questionnaire. The techniques involved in survey research lie in the analysis of the collected data. The reliability and validity of survey research are affected by several factors, such as the quality of the sets of questions or the questionnaire, the amount of data collected, and the accuracy in using measures of central tendencies and variability. Ideally, the questionnaire must be standardized. Greater reliability and validity is achieved if the sample represents a greater part of the total population. One advantage of the survey method is that it is relatively cheap and easy. Unfortunately, it is also subject to human error and biases (Government of Saskatchewan, 2002). The correlational research is essentially the discovery of a relationship between two variables. Unlike the previously described methods, correlational research is quantitative in nature. The different techniques used in a correlational research are regression and prediction, multiple regression, factor analysis, and systems analysis (Davis, 2004). The greatest advantage of using this method is that its results can be used to formulate predictions and generalizations. This is due to the nature of the research techniques. But the greatest danger of this method is to over-generalize. It must be remembered that an established relationship between two variables does not mean a cause-effect relationship between them. If a researcher wanted to establish a cause-effect relationship, then the research method to use is the experimental method. Similar to the correlational research, it is concerned with variables, which can be either independent or dependent variables. The independent variables are usually manipulated so that there will be two groups being studied, the experimental group and the control group. These two groups have the same characteristics except for that one variable which is being tested. The difference between these two groups can be found in the dependent variable. The reliability of this method is increased by conducting the same experiment for several times. Its validity lies in the accuracy of the procedures and the careful handling and analysis of results. The greatest advantage of the experimental method is that it can present an explanation to a certain phenomenon. But it takes great skill and experience on the part of the researcher in order to conduct a good research experiment. One problem of experimental method is the issue of ethics in conducting experiments using human subjects. Any of these research methods can be utilized to examine an issue or phenomenon in psychology. The basis of choice usually depends on the goal of the research. The task of the researcher is to maximize the advantages and minimize the disadvantages of the chosen method. Bibliography Davis, J. (2004). Correlational research methods. Retrieved October 12, 2007 at http://clem. mscd. edu/~davisj/prm2/correl1. html Government of Saskatchewan. (2002). Psychology 20: Social Psychology: A Curriculum Guide for the Secondary Level. Retrieved October 12, 2007 at http://www. sasked. gov. sk. ca/docs/social/psych20/support_materials/faqnaturalistic_observation. htm Hesse, B. E. (2003). Issues in naturalistic observation. Retrieved October 12, 2007 at http://psyc. csustan. edu/bhesse/psy2020/Lectures/Fall03/p2020U2L5. pdf Piercy, J. (2007). Research methods. Retrieved October 12, 2007 at http://courses. cvcc. vccs. edu/Psychology_Piercy/research_methods1. htm Tellis, W. (1997). Introduction to case study. The Qualitative Report. 3(2). Retrieved October 12, 2007 at http://www. nova. edu/ssss/QR/QR3-2/tellis1. html

Societys Cave essays

Society's Cave essays No matter who you ask, Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau or any other great philosopher they will always tell you that Plato was and always will be the greatest philosopher. Plato is known for great thoughts and feeling about the government and the way their social and political issues are handled. He used a very effective and intelligent way of writing his thoughts. He used a technique of exoteric and esoteric writing. The exoteric level being a level that everyone could understand and the esoteric level was only comprehended by the intelligent. By doing this he protected himself from the government. He learned from Socrates whose life was ended when the government had enough of his ridicule and rebellions. Plato was much smarter and got his point across without the government ever knowing. For example, Platos "Allegory of the Cave" from The Republic, which was a childrens story about a cave, but it also had a esoteric meaning that was letting the intelligent know what the government was doin g. Platos technique has been effectively repeat many times and his messages apply to many of the current issues in todays society. The exoteric level of the story, which comprehended by most, is about an underground cave which is pitch black except for a dim fire. There are some men bound by the neck and ankles, totally restricting movement, in the bottom of the cave. They have been faced towards the wall of the cave and all they can see is the flickering light from the fire behind them. Occasionally they can see the faint shadows of other men standing in front of the fire. The men can also hear their voices echo off the wall which they are facing. The sounds and visions that the men hear and see are both false, they are not the actual thing. The echoes are reflecting off the wall as well as the shadows that they are seeing. One man finally breaks free and makes his way up the cave, it is a hard and long climb but he makes it out. ...

Learn What a Dipole Is in Chemistry and Physics

Learn What a Dipole Is in Chemistry and Physics A dipole is a separation of opposite electrical charges. A dipole is quantified by its dipole moment  (ÃŽ ¼). A dipole moment is the distance between charges multiplied by the charge. The unit of the dipole moment is the Debye, where 1 Debye is 3.34Ãâ€"10−30  C  Ã‚ ·m. The dipole moment is a vector quantity that has both magnitude and direction. The direction of an electric dipole moment points from the negative charge toward the positive charge. The larger the difference in electronegativity, the greater the dipole moment. The distance separating  opposite electrical charges also affects the magnitude of the dipole moment. Types of Dipoles There are two types of dipoles electric dipoles and magnetic dipoles. An electric dipole occurs when positive and negative charges (like a proton and an electron or a cation and an anion) are separate from each other. Usually, the charges are separated by a small distance. Electric dipoles may be temporary or permanent. A permanent electric dipole is called an electret. A magnetic dipole occurs when there is a closed loop of electric current, such as a loop of wire with electricity running through it. Any moving electric charge also has an associated magnetic field. In the current loop, the direction of the magnetic dipole moment points through the loop using the right-hand grip rule. The magnitude of the magnetic dipole moment is the current of the loop multiplied by the area of the loop. Examples of Dipoles In chemistry, a dipole usually refers to the separation of charges within a molecule between two covalently bonded atoms  or atoms that share an ionic bond. For example, a water molecule (H2O) is a dipole. The oxygen side of the molecule carries a net negative charge, while the side with the two hydrogen atoms has a net positive electrical charge. The charges of a molecule, like water, are partial charges, meaning they dont add up to the 1 for a proton or electron. All polar molecules are dipoles. Even a linear nonpolar molecule like carbon dioxide (CO2) contains dipoles. There is a charge distribution across the molecule in which charge is separated between the oxygen and carbon atoms. Even a single electron has a magnetic dipole moment. An electron is a moving electrical charge, so it has a small current loop and generates a magnetic field. Although it may seem counter-intuitive, some scientists believe a single electron may also possess an electric dipole moment! A permanent magnet is magnetic because of the magnetic dipole moment of the electron. The dipole of a bar magnet points from its magnetic south to its magnetic north. The only known way to make magnetic dipoles is by forming current loops or via quantum mechanics spin. The Dipole Limit A dipole moment is defined by its dipole limit. Essentially this means the distance between charges converges to 0 while the strength of the charges diverges to infinity. The product of the charge strength and separating distance is a constant positive value. Dipole as an Antenna In physics, another definition of a dipole is an antenna that is a horizontal metal rod with a wire connected to its center.

Business plan Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Business plan - Assignment Example This makes the incoming businesses have a competition disadvantage within the industry. In spite of the fact that completion increase cause adverse effects to existing businesses, it is also helpful as it will help Good health fitness center become more efficient and thus provide quality services (Abrams, 2003). According to the Good Health Fitness Center, it is evident that the power of suppliers merely has an effect on the business. This is because the ways of transacting is service oriented. To offer a service in the fitness center, instructions get and the only material supply needed is readily available in its market. These supplies include things like weights, food and gym instructors (Cyr, 2007). The target market for Good Health Fitness Center mainly comprises of the middle aged and the old who want to reduce their weight. A case study of Canada would show that they make the largest share of the population. This means that, it is a threat to the business because of the large number. Baring in mind that this is the technology era, Good Health Fitness Center may face several other threats in the market. Substitutes for health fitness exist. However, the business will survive this threat by launching a campaign against the substitutes which include steroids and slimming pills. It is imperative to let the public and potential customers, of the impending danger, and side effects of using the substitutes. This way, the business will survive the threat (Abrams, 2003). Within the fitness industry in Canada, for example, there are many businesses with the same goal of having as many customers as possible. However, the intensity of rivalry does not seem too intense as customers can choose which programs best works for them from different centers (Abrams, 2003). Good health fitness center has various sources of competitive advantages. One of the sources would be by ensuring a well-equipped and developed marketing team. This forms a good competitive